overrunning clutch. A type of clutch that couples a drive element with a driven element. When the drive element is being rotated, the driven element rotates with it. But when the driven element is being rotated by an outside force, the drive element does not turn.
Overrunning clutches are used in some types of aircraft engine starters. The starter rotates the engine through the clutch, but when the engine starts and turns faster than the starter motor, the clutch prevents the engine driving the starter.
overseas air commerce. 14 CFR Part 1: “The carriage by aircraft of persons or property for compensation or hire, or the carriage of mail by aircraft, or the operation or navigation of aircraft in the conduct or furtherance of a business or vocation, in commerce between a place in any State of the United States, or the District of Columbia, and any place in a territory or possession of the United states; or between a place in a territory or possession of the United States, and a place in any other territory or possession of the united States.”
overseas air transportation. 14 CFR Part 1: “The carriage by aircraft of persons or property as a common carrier for compensation or hire, or the carriage of mail by aircraft, in commerce:
(1)
Between a place in a State or the District of Columbia and a place in a possession of the United States; or
(2)
Between a place in a possession of the United States and a place in another possession of the United States; whether that commerce moves wholly by aircraft or partly by aircraft and partly by other forms of transportation.”
oversize stud (aircraft hardware). A special stud used to replace a standard stud that has worn its hole oversize. The thread pitch and type are the same as those of the standard stud, but the diameter of the oversize stud is greater.
overspeed condition (propeller governor condition). The condition in which an engine is turning at a speed greater than that selected by the governor. The upward force produced by the governor flyweights is greater than the downward force of the speeder spring, and the governor causes the pitch of the propeller to increase to reduce the engine speed.
overtemperature warning system. A warning system similar in many ways to a fire warning system, but differing in that it initiates the warning signal at a lower temperature than needed for a fire warning. A high temperature in a small area initiates a fire warning, but a lower temperature over a larger area indicates an overtemperature condition.
over-the-top. 14 CFR Part 1: “Above the layer of clouds or other obscuring phenomena forming the ceiling.”
overtone. A whole-number multiple of the frequency of a vibration. An overtone is the same as a harmonic. See harmonic.
overvoltage protector (electrical circuit component). A component used to protect electrical circuits from surges of high voltage that could cause damage. A sensor monitors the voltage and, if it becomes excessive, the overvoltage protector opens the circuit to protect the components.
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