航行情報(bào)手冊(cè) Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM) 3

時(shí)間：2011-04-18 00:52來(lái)源：藍(lán)天飛行翻譯 作者：航空 點(diǎn)擊：次

a.Alert Area. Airspace which may contain a high volume of pilot training activities or an unusual type of aerial activity, neither of which is hazardous to aircraft. Alert Areas are depicted on aeronautical charts for the information of nonparticipating pilots. All activities within an Alert Area are conducted in accordance with Federal Aviation Regulations, and pilots of participating aircraft as well as pilots transiting the area are equally responsible for collision avoidance.
b.Controlled Firing Area. Airspace wherein activities are conducted under conditions so controlled as to eliminate hazards to nonparticipating aircraft and to ensure the safety of persons and property on the ground.
c.Military Operations Area (MOA). A MOA is airspace established outside of Class A airspace area to separate or segregate certain nonhazardous military activities from IFR traffic and to identify for VFR traffic where these activities are conducted.
(Refer to AIM.)d. Prohibited Area. Airspace designated under 14 CFR Part 73 within which no person may operate an aircraft without the permission of the using agency.
(Refer to AIM.)(Refer to En Route Charts.)e. Restricted Area. Airspace designated under 14 CFR Part 73, within which the flight of aircraft, while not wholly prohibited, is subject to restriction. Most restricted areas are designated joint use and IFR/VFR operations in the area may be authorized by the controlling ATC facility when it is not being utilized by the using agency. Restricted areas are depicted on en route charts. Where joint use is authorized, the name of the ATC controlling facility is also shown.
(Refer to 14 CFR Part 73.)(Refer to AIM.)f. Warning Area. A warning area is airspace of defined dimensions extending from 3 nautical miles outward from the coast of the United States, that contains activity that may be hazardous to
Pilot/Controller Glossary
nonparticipating aircraft. The purpose of such warning area is to warn nonparticipating pilots of the potential danger. A warning area may be located over domestic or international waters or both.
SPECIAL VFR CONDITIONS. Meteorological conditions that are less than those required for basic VFR flight in Class B, C, D, or E surface areas and in which some aircraft are permitted flight under visual flight rules.
(See SPECIAL VFR OPERATIONS.)(Refer to 14 CFR Part 91.)SPECIAL VFR FLIGHT [ICAO]. A VFR flight cleared by air traffic control to operate within Class B, C, D, and E surface areas in metrological conditions below VMC.
SPECIAL VFR OPERATIONS. Aircraft operating in accordance with clearances within Class B, C, D, and E surface areas in weather conditions less than the basic VFR weather minima. Such operations must be requested by the pilot and approved by ATC.
(See SPECIAL VFR CONDITIONS.)(See ICAO term SPECIAL VFR FLIGHT.)SPEED.
(See AIRSPEED.)
(See GROUND SPEED.)SPEED ADJUSTMENT. An ATC procedure used to request pilots to adjust aircraft speed to a specific value for the purpose of providing desired spacing. Pilots are expected to maintain a speed of plus or minus 10 knots or 0.02 Mach number of the specified speed. Examples of speed adjustments are:
a.“Increase/reduce speed to Mach point (num-ber.)”
b.“Increase/reduce speed to (speed in knots)” or
“Increase/reduce speed (number of knots) knots.” SPEED BRAKES. Moveable aerodynamic devices on aircraft that reduce airspeed during descent and landing.
SPEED SEGMENTS. Portions of the arrival route between the transition point and the vertex along the optimum flight path for which speeds and altitudes are specified. There is one set of arrival speed segments adapted from each transition point to each vertex. Each set may contain up to six segments.
SQUAWK (Mode, Code, Function). Activate specific modes/codes/functions on the aircraft transponder; e.g., “Squawk three/alpha, two one zero five, low.”
(See TRANSPONDER.)PCG S.5
STA.
(See SCHEDULED TIME OF ARRIVAL.)STAGING/QUEUING. The placement, integration, and segregation of departure aircraft in designated movement areas of an airport by departure fix, EDCT, and/or restriction.
STAND BY. Means the controller or pilot must pause for a few seconds, usually to attend to other duties of a higher priority. Also means to wait as in “stand by for clearance.” The caller should reestablish contact if a delay is lengthy. “Stand by” is not an approval or denial.
STANDARD INSTRUMENT APPROACH PRO-CEDURE (SIAP).
(See INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE.)STANDARD INSTRUMENT DEPARTURE (SID). A preplanned instrument flight rule (IFR) air traffic control (ATC) departure procedure printed for pilot/controller use in graphic form to provide obstacle clearance and a transition from the terminal area to the appropriate en route structure. SIDs are primarily designed for system enhancement to expedite traffic flow and to reduce pilot/controller workload. ATC clearance must always be received prior to flying a SID.
(See IFR TAKEOFF MINIMUMS AND DEPARTURE PROCEDURES.) (See OBSTACLE DEPARTURE PROCEDURE.) (Refer to AIM.)STANDARD RATE TURN. A turn of three degrees per second.
STANDARD TERMINAL ARRIVAL. A pre-planned instrument flight rule (IFR) air traffic control arrival procedure published for pilot use in graphic and/or textual form. STARs provide transition from the en route structure to an outer fix or an instrument approach fix/arrival waypoint in the terminal area.
STANDARD TERMINAL ARRIVAL CHARTS.
(See AERONAUTICAL CHART.)STANDARD TERMINAL AUTOMATION RE-PLACEMENT SYSTEM (STARS).
(See DTAS.)STAR.
(See STANDARD TERMINAL ARRIVAL.)STATE AIRCRAFT. Aircraft used in military, customs and police service, in the exclusive service of any government, or of any political subdivision, thereof including the government of any state, territory, or possession of the United States or the District of Columbia, but not including any government-owned aircraft engaged in carrying persons or property for commercial purposes.

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