航行情報(bào)手冊(cè) Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM) 3

時(shí)間：2011-04-18 00:52來(lái)源：藍(lán)天飛行翻譯 作者：航空 點(diǎn)擊：次

MOVING TARGET INDICATOR. An electronic device which will permit radar scope presentation only from targets which are in motion. A partial remedy for ground clutter.
MRA.
(See MINIMUM RECEPTION ALTITUDE.)MSA.
(See MINIMUM SAFE ALTITUDE.)MSAW.
(See MINIMUM SAFE ALTITUDE WARNING.)MTI.
(See MOVING TARGET INDICATOR.)MTR.
(See MILITARY TRAINING ROUTES.)MULTICOM. A mobile service not open to public correspondence used to provide communications essential to conduct the activities being performed by or directed from private aircraft.
MULTIPLE RUNWAYS. The utilization of a dedicated arrival runway(s) for departures and a dedicated departure runway(s) for arrivals when feasible to reduce delays and enhance capacity.
MVA.
(See MINIMUM VECTORING ALTITUDE.)PCG M.6
N
NAS.
(See NATIONAL AIRSPACE SYSTEM.)NATIONAL AIRSPACE SYSTEM. The common network of U.S. airspace; air navigation facilities, equipment and services, airports or landing areas; aeronautical charts, information and services; rules, regulations and procedures, technical information, and manpower and material. Included are system components shared jointly with the military.
NATIONAL BEACON CODE ALLOCATION PLAN AIRSPACE. Airspace over United States territory located within the North American continent between Canada and Mexico, including adjacent territorial waters outward to about boundaries of oceanic control areas (CTA)/Flight Information Regions (FIR).
(See FLIGHT INFORMATION REGION.)NATIONAL FLIGHT DATA CENTER. A facility in Washington D.C., established by FAA to operate a central aeronautical information service for the collection, validation, and dissemination of aeronau-tical data in support of the activities of government, industry, and the aviation community. The informa-tion is published in the National Flight Data Digest.
(See NATIONAL FLIGHT DATA DIGEST.)NATIONAL FLIGHT DATA DIGEST. A daily (except weekends and Federal holidays) publication of flight information appropriate to aeronautical charts, aeronautical publications, Notices to Airmen, or other media serving the purpose of providing operational flight data essential to safe and efficient aircraft operations.
NATIONAL SEARCH AND RESCUE PLAN. An interagency agreement which provides for the effective utilization of all available facilities in all types of search and rescue missions.
NAVAID.
(See NAVIGATIONAL AID.)NAVAID CLASSES. VOR, VORTAC, and TACAN aids are classed according to their operational use. The three classes of NAVAIDs are:
a.T. Terminal.
b.L. Low altitude.
c. H. High altitude.
Note: The normal service range for T, L, and H class aids is found in the AIM. Certain operational requirements make it necessary to use some of these aids at greater service ranges than specified. Extended range is made possible through flight inspection determinations. Some aids also have lesser service range due to location, terrain, frequency protection, etc. Restrictions to service range are listed in Airport/Facility Directory.
NAVIGABLE AIRSPACE. Airspace at and above the minimum flight altitudes prescribed in the CFRs including airspace needed for safe takeoff and landing.
(Refer to 14 CFR Part 91.)NAVIGATION REFERENCE SYSTEM (NRS). The NRS is a system of waypoints developed for use within the United States for flight planning and navigation without reference to ground based navigational aids. The NRS waypoints are located in a grid pattern along defined latitude and longitude lines. The initial use of the NRS will be in the high altitude environment in conjunction with the High Altitude Redesign initiative. The NRS waypoints are intended for use by aircraft capable of point.to.point navigation.
NAVIGATION SPECIFICATION [ICAO]. A set of aircraft and flight crew requirements needed to support performance.based navigation operations within a defined airspace. There are two kinds of navigation specifications:
a.RNP specification. A navigation specification based on area navigation that includes the requirement for performance monitoring and alert-ing, designated by the prefix RNP; e.g., RNP 4, RNP APCH.
b.RNAV specification. A navigation specifica-tion based on area navigation that does not include the requirement for performance monitoring and alert-ing, designated by the prefix RNAV; e.g., RNAV 5, RNAV 1.
Note: The Performance.based Navigation Manual (Doc 9613), Volume II contains detailed guidance on navigation specifications.
PCG N.1
NAVIGATIONAL AID. Any visual or electronic device airborne or on the surface which provides point-to-point guidance information or position data to aircraft in flight.
(See AIR NAVIGATION FACILITY.)NBCAP AIRSPACE.
(See NATIONAL BEACON CODE ALLOCATION PLAN AIRSPACE.)NDB.
(See NONDIRECTIONAL BEACON.)NEGATIVE. “No,” or “permission not granted,” or “that is not correct.”
NEGATIVE CONTACT. Used by pilots to inform ATC that:
a.Previously issued traffic is not in sight. It may be followed by the pilot’s request for the controller to provide assistance in avoiding the traffic.
b.They were unable to contact ATC on a particular frequency.
NFDC.
(See NATIONAL FLIGHT DATA CENTER.)NFDD.
(See NATIONAL FLIGHT DATA DIGEST.)NIGHT. The time between the end of evening civil twilight and the beginning of morning civil twilight, as published in the American Air Almanac, converted to local time.
(See ICAO term NIGHT.)NIGHT [ICAO]. The hours between the end of evening civil twilight and the beginning of morning civil twilight or such other period between sunset and sunrise as may be specified by the appropriate authority.
Note: Civil twilight ends in the evening when the center of the sun’s disk is 6 degrees below the horizon and begins in the morning when the center of the sun’s disk is 6 degrees below the horizon.

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